Research on Microplastic Concentration in Soil and Monitoring of Earthworm Distribution

In Spring 2024 monitoring of earthworm populations began in Lower Kamenjak, focusing on their role in soil health and their potential as bioindicators of microplastic pollution. The study identified five earthworm species, with a focus on the unique Octodrilus istrianus. The research findings showed that this species is present in specific habitats with deeper soils, indicating its sensitivity to environmental changes and human activities. The greatest threats to earthworms are habitat loss, intensive agriculture, an increased wild boar population, and heightened tourist activity that disrupts habitats and microecosystems.

The assessment of microplastic particle concentrations in the Lower Kamenjak area involved the successful extraction of microplastic particles from a total of 150 soil samples, providing crucial insights into the level of microplastic pollution in Kamenjak.

The distribution of microplastic particles shows that areas near popular trails, main roads, and tourist zones tended to have higher concentrations. Interestingly, microplastics were also found in relatively isolated locations not directly exposed to human activities, suggesting that these particles can be transported through wind, rain, or waterways.

Despite significant variability in particle numbers and pollution levels within expected ranges for such areas, microplastics present a potential threat to this ecosystem, especially in locations with increased human activity.

The results showed that earthworms could be important indicators for monitoring the environmental impact of tourism, particularly in sensitive ecosystems like Lower Kamenjak.

Recommended measures include introducing low-intensity livestock grazing to prevent habitat succession, controlling the wild boar population, managing tourist activities, and raising public awareness through educational materials and programs.